Practices of Blood Feud Reconciliation in the North Caucasus: A Historical and Ethnographic Analysis

Abstract

The article offers an analysis of the institutions of blood feud reconciliation in the North Caucasus, considered in a historical perspective and ethnographic context. Blood feud as a traditional form of conflict resolution was historically widespread among many peoples of the world and was widespread in North Caucasian societies. This work examines the social, cultural, and religious factors that formed the basis for the emergence and functioning of reconciliation practices aimed at ending blood feuds, and their role in maintaining social order in modern society. Drawing on a wide range of historical sources, ethnographic materials, and field studies, I analyze reconciliation practices, the role of elders, religious figures, and respected members of society in conflict resolution. I describe the rituals accompanying reconciliation, examining the amount of monetary compensation for damage, and show the significance of moral and ethical principles such as forgiveness and reconciliation in cultures of the peoples of the Caucasus. I further identify the common features and the regional features of reconciliation institutions in the North Caucasus, tracing their evolution under the influence of changing social-political conditions and legal systems. I pay particular attention to the current state of reconciliation practices and the role of ostracism in conflict resolution. This study contributes to the understanding of conflict resolution mechanisms in traditional societies and their transformations.